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This study examines Leo Strauss’s critique of positivism as a fundamental source of the crisis of political modernity. Through an analysis of his critical engagement with Max Weber’s interpretive sociology, it explores the methodological separation between facts and values – a distinction that Strauss argues ultimately leads to nihilism by depriving reason of its capacity to make normative judgments. Strauss contends that the application of natural scientific methods to human affairs reduces human beings to their technical dimensions, stripping political life of moral purposes and higher ends. The study concludes that Strauss’ critique, together with his call for a return to classical political philosophy and the concept of natural right, constitutes a philosophical effort to save human civilization from sliding into barbarism, and a firm rejection of the reduction of knowledge to an instrument of absolute domination.