Tolerance in African Philosophy: The Ubuntu Paradigm

Volume 14|Issue 56| Spring 2026 |Articles

Abstract

This study explores the concept of tolerance in African philosophy, drawing on its four key characteristics as identified by philosopher Léopold Sédar Senghor: intuitive knowledge, dialogical engagement, praxis, and universal humanism. It focuses on the philosophy of Ubuntu, which holds that an individual’s humanity is realized through others, and which elevates the values of empathy, dignity, cooperation, and the defence of universal principles. Ubuntu is a communitarian philosophy, rooted in African religious and cultural traditions, that regards the individual as an integral part of the community. The study also examines the experience of Nelson Mandela in reconciliation and forgiveness as a practical embodiment of this philosophy, and compares liberal tolerance, grounded in individualism, with African tolerance, which is based on participation and solidarity. It concludes that Ubuntu offers a positive and effective model of tolerance that extends beyond the African continent.​

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​​Professor of Philosophy at Hassan II University in Casablanca, Morocco.

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