Today, the relationship between science and literature seems coherent and effective due to its variables and consequent scientific discoveries. The results of the scientific revolution have thus reflected on the genre, and have also crystallized in the emergence of science fiction. Here, human knowledge is no longer considered as cumulative, but also built on scientific and technological innovation and achievement. This study aims to shed light on the concept and characteristics of science fiction, and tackles its relationship with reality and contingent scientific variables, as well as its association with cinematic art and the concept of myth. Moreover, it investigates the problematic of science fiction in the Arabic context, specifically with regards to the intellectual and practical aspects and the hindrances to its development.