The Skopos theory is considered one of the most controversial methodologies in the field of translation studies. The debates that have been stirred by this theory within translation studies cannot be traced without first examining their current state and linking them to the history of the theory’s emergence. To this end, this paper mainly focuses on the history and the evolution of translation studies in Germany, as well as other specific approaches. Following an explanation of the main concepts and aspects of the Skopos theory, Roth focuses on the work of Katharina Reiss and Hans Vermeer, and links their work to other authors. After offering a short introduction to the evolution of the Skopos theory, Roth also offers a critique of the theory.